Italian Neo-Realism
What started the Italian Neo realism movement in film was the Anti-Fascism which marked the post WW II period. The films main focuses were on the lives of innocent people during that period and their objective "focus on the collectivity rather than the individual." Their ideology was mainly "solidarity" and "criticism of the status quo" and their main goal was to push their filmmakers out of the studio and into on location settings in order to catch "Reality."
Movies made before this period were made in America where filmmakers portrayed the country as a paradise. However, the imported movies into Italy didn't reflect Italy's current state of being. Sadly the Italians were unable to watch films that showed what they were going through at that time. Then, Starting in the 1930's, an anti-fascist journalist by the name of Leo Longanesi urged film directors to move out of the studios and into the cities, streets, stations, etc, only in this way would a real form of Italian cinema be brought to life. During this time, Italy had switched from agriculture to manufacturing which made life tougher to get through. Because of this transition, many people were faced with poverty, in turn, lead to this movement which allowed them to express the country's reality. The philosophers wrote about the reality, like the writers. The reality had to be emphasized in order for the film to make its way. To the countries benefit, these films gave Italy a sense of freedom and affected all of Europe's film making Industry.
The film techniques used were: on location filming, with non-professional cast, unhappy endings, usually to reflect poverty and a sense of desperation, usually set in rural areas to show working class environments, its a staged style of documentary film making.
The two key contributors to Italian Realism are Jean Renoir's TONI and Alessandro Blassetti's 1860. These two films influenced Neo realism because these were one of the first neo realism films to used techniques such as shooting on location and using non professional actors wich of course were extremely rare at that time.
DeSica directed the Neo realism film The Bicycle Thief. This film reflects the hardships of unemployment and working conditions in post WWII Italy.
Luchino Visconti directed The Earths Temples. He used an entirely unprofessional cast in the film and it reflected life in a tough economic state. It recognized the honor and dignity that comes with a life that has been earned. and the cast speack in their first language.
The film techniques used were: on location filming, with non-professional cast, unhappy endings, usually to reflect poverty and a sense of desperation, usually set in rural areas to show working class environments, its a staged style of documentary film making.
The two key contributors to Italian Realism are Jean Renoir's TONI and Alessandro Blassetti's 1860. These two films influenced Neo realism because these were one of the first neo realism films to used techniques such as shooting on location and using non professional actors wich of course were extremely rare at that time.
DeSica directed the Neo realism film The Bicycle Thief. This film reflects the hardships of unemployment and working conditions in post WWII Italy.
Luchino Visconti directed The Earths Temples. He used an entirely unprofessional cast in the film and it reflected life in a tough economic state. It recognized the honor and dignity that comes with a life that has been earned. and the cast speack in their first language.
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